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作为一个全球化城市,香港的处境有点尴尬。这份尴尬源于它有一条边界,将这个特别行政区跟国内周边地区分隔开来。这是很多全球化城市无须面对的困难。在全球城市的文献中,这个边界的问题并未引起太多的注意。究其原因,一种可能是,很多国家底下的全球城市,乃存在于一个更广更宽的国家的框架里面,城市的行政边界并非国家的或特殊政治安排的政治边界,因此行政管理性质的边界所带来的束缚,并不明显。另一种可能是,有关全球化及全球城市的分析中,有一种强调流动倾向,凸显旧有以国家为单位的制度安排逐渐失效,而新的经济、文化、社会活动可无拘无束地全球游走。但现实的情况是边界依旧发挥作用,不但会阻碍资源的流通,而且也会因此而产生其他的考虑和行为的逻辑,令这个“区域国家”的想法或期望,并未转化为现实经济地理中的一种状态。而充分认识到这个落差,对了解当前香港社会经济的处境是相当重要的。本文正是尝试重新检视香港在过去三十五年的时间里,与华南地区在经济、社会的不同方面进行整合的状态与特征,并从中分析回归后香港的处境。当然,1997年以来香港社会所面对挑战来自不同方面,各有不同的特性,不可能单凭某一方面的分析,而掌握到所有问题之所在。不过,话又不得说回来,香港作为一个全球城市,于其空间布局上未能有所突破,对它的经济、社会等方面又确有相当大的影响。本文的目的在于将这个区域整合(又或者应该说是未有真正的整合)的问题提升为一个讨论及研究的议题,并认真思考其对香港发展的影响。
As a global city, the situation in Hong Kong is somewhat embarrassing. This awkwardness stems from the fact that it has a border that separates this special administrative region from the surrounding area. This is a difficult area that many global cities do not have to face. In the literature of global cities, the issue of the border did not attract much attention. One possible reason is that the global cities under many countries exist in the framework of a wider and wider country. The administrative boundaries of cities are not the political boundaries of national or special political arrangements. Therefore, the administrative nature of the The bondage brought by the border is not obvious. Another possibility is that in the analysis of globalization and global cities, one emphasizes the tendency of flow and highlights the gradual failure of the old institutional arrangements based on the state. The new economic, cultural and social activities can freely walk around the world . But the reality is that the border still has a role to play. It will not only hinder the flow of resources, but will also result in other considerations and logic of behavior, so that the idea or expectation of this “regional state” will not be transformed into a real economy A state in geography. Fully aware of this gap, it is quite important to understand the current social and economic situation in Hong Kong. This article attempts to re-examine the status and characteristics of Hong Kong’s integration with different areas of economy and society in southern China in the past thirty-five years and analyze the situation of Hong Kong after its return to the United States. Of course, the challenges that Hong Kong society has faced since 1997 come from different aspects and have different characteristics. It is impossible to grasp all the problems solely on the basis of one aspect of the analysis. However, I must say nothing. As a global city, Hong Kong has failed to make any breakthrough in its spatial layout and has indeed had a considerable impact on its economy and society. The purpose of this article is to elevate the issue of integration (or, indeed, there is no real integration) in this region into an issue of discussion and research and to consider carefully its impact on the development of Hong Kong.