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传统诗说一直认为《鸱鹗》是周公所作,但近来学界对周公作《鸱鹗》说颇有怀疑,且历代解诗者对《鸱鹗》的具体解读也颇有争议,文章从重点字句解读入手对《鸱鹗》进行了全面考察,重点考辨了诗中“鸱鹗”的意义,认为“鸱鹗”喻指的是发动叛乱的商纣之子武庚及殷遗民,甚至也包括随同他作乱的淮夷诸部。文章在不以周公作《鸱鹗》为前提的情况下对《鸱鹗》诗意进行了分析,认为《鸱鹗》确实是一首代言诗,是作者借助母鸟之口为整个周王族代言。同时,通过对周公的相关事迹进行考辨,认为能够像《鸱鹗》诗中所表现的那样借助母鸟之口为周王族代言,表明自己守护王业的苦心之人只有周公。所以,《鸱鹗》确实是周公所作。此外,近来出土的清华简相关文献亦证明了此观点。
The traditional poem has always believed that “鸱 鹗” was made by Zhou Gong, but recently the academic circles have been quite suspicious of Zhou Gong’s “鸱 鹗”. Moreover, the interpretation of “鸱 鹗” by ancient poets is quite controversial. Interpretation begins with a comprehensive survey of “鸱 鹗”, focusing on the meaning of “鸱 鹗 ” in the poem, and holds that “鸱 鹗” “refers to Wu Geng, the son of the merchant who started the rebellion, It even includes the Huai Yi units that accompany him. The article analyzes the poetic meaning of ”Xuyi“ under the premise that Zhou Gongzong ”鸱 鹗“ is not considered as the premise, and holds that ”鸱 鹗“ is indeed a representative verse. At the same time, through examining the relevant deeds of Zhou Gong, we can find out that only Zhou Gong is the only person who shows his ambition to protect the kingdom industry by means of the mouth of females who expresses the Zhou royal family, as the poem in the poem shows. Therefore, ”鸱 鹗" is indeed made by Zhou Gong. In addition, the recently unearthed Tsinghua Jane related literature also proved this view.