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中国作为一个正在崛起的世界性大国,在国际海洋秩序的建构与调整中应当采取何种立场?中国之崛起需要何种海洋秩序?不仅困扰着国人、也困扰着我们的邻邦和国际社会。强调海洋自由以供包容性使用与锁闭海洋以供排他性使用之间的动态紧张关系,反映出国际海洋秩序一直处于不停的互动、不断出现需求与回应需求的过程。在这个动态的建构过程中,不同的国家根据其自身的政治理念、自然地理环境以及经济、技术发展水平等因素,对海洋利用提出不同的主张与制度构想。中国是一个海陆兼备的国家,同时也是一个海洋地理相对不利国以及新兴的海洋利用大国,在海洋秩序建构过程中需要合理平衡包容性与排他性制度安排。
As a rising world power, what position should China take in the construction and adjustment of the international maritime order? What kind of maritime order does China need? It not only plagues people but also plains our neighbors and the international community. The dynamic tensions that underscore the freedom of the seas for inclusive use and the exclusive use of the sea closures reflect the ongoing process of interaction and the emergence of needs and responses to the needs of the international oceans and seas. In this process of dynamic construction, different countries propose different propositions and institutional conceptions for the utilization of the oceans based on their own political ideas, their natural and geographical environment, as well as their level of economic and technological development. China is a country both in land and sea. At the same time, it is also a relatively unfavorable nation in marine geography and an emerging large country for ocean use. In the process of building a maritime order, China needs to make reasonable arrangements for inclusive and exclusive institutional arrangements.