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目的总结小儿椎管内皮样和表皮样囊肿的临床特点和治疗经验。方法回顾分析16年来我科收治的17例椎管内皮样囊肿和6例表皮样囊肿的临床资料。结果本组23例平均年龄为3.7岁,男13例,女10例。囊肿位于胸段3例,腰段3例,腰骶段16例,骶段1例;17例皮样囊肿中有12例伴有背部皮肤窦道;6例表皮样囊肿中仅有1例伴有皮肤窦道。有皮肤窦道者均存在椎板或棘突的部分缺如。囊肿完整摘除10例,囊内容物剔除残留小部分囊壁3例,残留约一半囊壁的7例,髓内脓肿3例,纵向切开脊髓,吸除脓汁,皮肤窦道术中一并切除。结论小儿椎管内皮样和表皮样囊肿为良性病变,早期诊断和手术是最佳的治疗选择。
Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics and treatment experience of pediatric endothelium-like and epidermoid cysts. Methods The clinical data of 17 cases of endothelium-like canal and 6 cases of epidermoid cyst treated in our department over the past 16 years were retrospectively analyzed. Results The average age of 23 cases in this group was 3.7 years, 13 males and 10 females. Cysts were located in thoracic region in 3 cases, lumbar in 3 cases, lumbosacral section in 16 cases, sacral section in 1 case; 17 cases of dermoid cysts in 12 cases with dorsal skin sinus; 6 cases of epidermoid cysts in only 1 case There are skin sinus. There are skin sinus lesions are some lack of lamina or spinous processes. Complete removal of the cyst in 10 cases, the contents of the capsule to remove residual small part of the wall in 3 cases, left about half of the wall in 7 cases, 3 cases of intramedullary abscess, longitudinal incision of the spinal cord, suction pus, skin sinus surgery together resection. Conclusion Pediatric spinal canal endothelium-like and epidermoid cyst are benign lesions. Early diagnosis and surgery are the best treatment options.