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An opto-electro-modulated transient photovoltage/photocurrent system has been developed.With this system,the microscopic charge transport,recombination,storage properties of a general solar cell under different steady-state bias voltages and light illuminations can be probed.The capability and reliability of this system are carefully checked by electric circuit simulations and experimental comparisons.This system helps to clarify the influence of electric field and interface structure on the charge collection and distribution in the junction-type solar cells,such as multicrystalline silicon and planar perovskite solar cells.Further,it also has distinctive advantages in probing microscopic charge processes behind the macroscopic hysteresis in the perovskite solar cell by in-situ measurement,which may give important experimental evidences for the clarification of the physical mechanisms.Thus,this modulated electrical transient method can be an effective experimental technique for the investigations of general and specific charge processes in various photoelectric systems.