论文部分内容阅读
本文介绍了“5·12”汶川特大地震发生的构造背景、震源与余震分布特点,认为该地震是青藏高原巴颜喀拉块体东向运动并与四川盆地相互长期作用的结果,地震主要能量释放在长330km、宽52km、深20km的块体(震源体)内,能量释放时间长达100多秒。地震在震源体内释放的能量极其不均匀,地面运动在震中区也具有强烈的时间、空间不均匀性。高烈度区沿震源体分布,烈度分布具有明显异常特征。地震造成的人员死亡90%以上位于烈度Ⅸ度以上地区。居民建筑、学校和医院等建筑物遭受严重破坏,交通、水利等生命线也遭受重大破坏。地震引发的崩塌、滑坡和泥石流灾害十分严重。巨大的地震灾害暴露出防震减灾管理、地震科学研究、防震减灾技术研发应用,以及防震减灾宣传等方面的严重不足。
This paper introduces the tectonic setting, source and aftershock distribution characteristics of Wenchuan Earthquake, which is thought to be the result of eastward movement of the Bayan Kara block in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and long-term interaction with the Sichuan Basin. The earthquake The main energy release in the 330km long, 52km wide, 20km deep block (seismic body), the energy release time of up to 100 seconds. The energy released by the earthquake in the source body is extremely uneven. The ground motion also has strong time and space nonuniformity in the epicenter area. The distribution of seismic intensity along the focal body in the high intensity region shows obvious anomalous characteristics. More than 90% of the deaths caused by the earthquake are located in areas above IX intensity. Buildings such as residential buildings, schools and hospitals have been severely damaged. Lifeline such as traffic and water conservancy have also suffered significant damage. Earthquake-induced collapse, landslide and debris flow disaster is very serious. Huge earthquakes have revealed serious shortcomings in earthquake prevention and disaster mitigation management, earthquake science research, research and application of earthquake-resistant and disaster-reduction technologies, and propaganda of earthquakes and disaster mitigation.