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面对制造技术变化的冲击和产业升级的压力,国际大企业,纷纷在进行传统的垂直整合之外,寻找开放式研发(创新)模式以缩短产品研发周期和减低成本。①企业研发联盟的作用日益被重视。比如日本在新燃料汽车研发上,和电子、化工组成垂直研发联盟,有效地补充了自身的不足,活用了其他产业的技术优势。在次时代汽车动力和车体材料方面走在世界前沿。目前广东珠三角制造业也面临升级和转型压力,如何利用电子、汽车制造大省集群优势,日本跨行业的交流和垂直研发联盟是一个值得借鉴的做法。本文旨在介绍日本的产业联盟在研发和转型过程中的作用及政府和企业的经验,借以思考珠三角产业转型升级时如何借鉴国外研发联盟的模式。
Faced with the impact of changes in manufacturing technology and the pressure of industrial upgrading, large international enterprises have been looking for an open development (innovation) model in order to shorten the product development cycle and reduce costs in addition to the traditional vertical integration. ① The role of R & D alliances is increasingly valued. Japan, for example, has formed a vertical R & D alliance with electronics and chemicals in the development of new fuel vehicles, effectively supplementing its own deficiencies and making full use of the technological advantages of other industries. In the next era of automotive power and body materials in the forefront of the world. At present, the manufacturing industries in Pearl River Delta of Guangdong are also under pressure to upgrade and transform. How to make use of the superiority of clusters in major electronics manufacturing and automobile manufacturing, and the cross-industry exchange and vertical R & D alliances in Japan are worthy of reference. This article aims to introduce the role of Japan’s industry alliance in the R & D and transformation process as well as the experience of the government and enterprises in order to reflect on how to draw on the model of foreign R & D alliances during the transformation and upgrading of the PRD industry.