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以四字格为主体的成语作为汉语的精华,凝聚着中华民族的智慧与文化。外国留学生对汉语成语的掌握情况可以作为衡量他们汉语水平的重要尺度之一。但目前外国留学生对汉语成语的掌握情况并不尽如人意,对外汉语的成语教学并未引起足够重视。留学生对成语的理解和使用都存在一些问题。本文分析了成语教学中的难点及存在的问题,并从语义、语法、语境和语用四个方面探讨了对外汉语成语教学对策。
The four-character idiom, as the essence of Chinese, embodies the wisdom and culture of the Chinese nation. Foreign students’ mastery of Chinese idioms can be used as one of the important measures to measure their Chinese proficiency. However, at present, the mastery of Chinese idioms by foreign students is not satisfactory. The idioms teaching of Chinese as a foreign language has not given enough attention. Foreign students have some problems in understanding and using idioms. This article analyzes the difficulties and existing problems in idiom teaching and probes into the teaching strategies of idioms in foreign Chinese from four aspects: semantic, grammar, context and pragmatics.