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运用Bingham模型设计出的阻尼器其阻尼力特性与冲击试验结果相差甚远。为了符合磁流变液在高冲击、高速环境下的非线性结构特性,应用Herschel-Bulkley模型,设计了一个基于混合工作模式的单出杆小型磁流变阻尼器,并根据流体平行平板恒流流动方程,得出磁流变液在环形阻尼通道内的速度分布函数,推导出磁流变阻尼器在外磁场作用下的动态阻尼力计算公式,并做了进一步的简化以便于设计时使用。针对传统设计方法中动态特性性能不足的缺点,采用多目标函数的方法,对处于高冲击、高速环境下工作的磁流变阻尼器提出优化设计方法。利用MATLAB对一小型磁流变阻尼器的尺寸进行优化设计,通过调节励磁电流对磁流变阻尼器输出阻尼力进行控制。最后,对设计的磁流变阻尼器的示功特性和速度特性进行了数值分析,结果表明所提出的优化分析方法具有更好的控制效果。
The damping force characteristics of dampers designed by Bingham model are far from the impact test results. In order to meet the nonlinear structural characteristics of magnetorheological fluid under high-impact and high-speed environment, a single-pole small magnetorheological damper based on mixed working mode was designed by using Herschel-Bulkley model. Flow equation, the velocity distribution function of magnetorheological fluid in the ring-shaped damping channel is obtained, and the formula of dynamic damping force of magnetorheological damper under the action of the external magnetic field is deduced. And the simplification is made to facilitate the design. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional dynamic characteristics in the traditional design methods, a multi-objective function method is proposed to optimize the MR damper working in a high-impact and high-speed environment. The size of a small magnetorheological damper is optimized by MATLAB, and the output damping force of the magnetorheological damper is controlled by adjusting the field current. Finally, the numerical analysis of the dynamical and velocity characteristics of the designed MR damper shows that the proposed optimization method has better control effect.