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由于需要克服阵列单元之间的互耦效应和阵列栅瓣效应,传统的相控阵天线在尺寸上受到不同程度的限制,从而导致相控阵的带宽难以进一步拓宽。紧耦合相控阵天线基于单元间的耦合效应进行设计的,其通过合理利用阵列单元之间的耦合,能够有效减小天线单元的物理尺寸,进而拓宽了阵列带宽和阵列扫描角域;同时,将其与电阻型频率选择表面相结合,能够消除由反射板在对应频点因反相叠加而产生的驻波峰值,带宽能够得到进一步的展宽。从仿真结果中可以看出,文中所设计的天线单元在驻波比小于3时工作频段能够覆盖0.5~5GHz。
Due to the need to overcome the mutual coupling effect between array elements and the grating lobe effect of the array, the conventional phased array antennas are limited in size to some extent, which makes it difficult to further broaden the bandwidth of the phased array. Tightly coupled phased array antennas are designed based on the coupling effect between the cells. By properly utilizing the coupling between the array elements, the physical size of the antenna element can be effectively reduced, and the array bandwidth and the array scan angle range can be broadened. At the same time, Combining this with a resistive frequency selective surface can eliminate the peak of the standing wave due to the inverse stacking at the corresponding frequency point of the reflector and the bandwidth can be further broadened. It can be seen from the simulation results that the antenna unit designed in this paper can cover 0.5 ~ 5GHz when the VSWR is less than 3.