由于电路时钟抖动和比较器弛豫等内禀属性的影响,传统的电子模数转换器已经不能满足高带宽数字信号处理的发展。模数转换主要包括采样、量化和编码。全光模数转换引入光子技术来对模拟电信号采样和量化,可以提高数字信号处理系统的性能,满足高速和高分辨率的需求,从而解决电子模数转换器的技术瓶颈问题。针对目前主要研究的全光模数方案,如泰勒方案、空间光干涉和偏振干涉的移相光量化方案、孤子自频移的方案、对称双波导长周期波导光栅和波导阵列光栅的方案等,介绍了其基本原理及实验方案,并对各种方案的特点进行了分析。 Due to the intrinsic properties of circuit clock jitter and comparator relaxation, the traditional electronic analog-digital converters can not meet the needs of high-bandwidth digital signal processing. A / D conversion mainly includes sampling, quantization and coding. All-optical A / D conversion introduces photon technology to sample and quantify analog electrical signals, which can improve the performance of digital signal processing system to meet the demand of high speed and high resolution, so as to solve the technical bottleneck problem of electronic analog-digital converters. For all the main research of all-optical modules such as the Taylor scheme, the spatial light interference and polarization interference phase-shift light quantization scheme, the soliton self-frequency shift scheme, the symmetric dual-waveguide long-period waveguide grating and waveguide array grating scheme, The basic principle and experimental scheme are introduced, and the characteristics of various schemes are analyzed.