本文通过构建分层模型系统分析了个体因素和环境因素对企业技术创新的影响。研究结果发现,企业技术创新能力的差异有77.2%来源于企业自身因素,有22.8%由环境因素来解释。具体的,企业自身因素中的研发人员投入、企业利润率、企业负债情况和环境因素中的政府资金支持、知识溢出、市场集中度、外商投资参与度等因素都对企业技术创新有显著影响。进一步的研究发现,知识溢出和市场竞争程度会弱化利润率与技术创新之间的正向关联,市场竞争还会弱化出口因素与技术创新之间的负向关联。 This article analyzes the impact of individual and environmental factors on the technological innovation of enterprises by building a hierarchical model system. The results show that 77.2% of the difference in technological innovation ability of enterprises comes from the enterprise’s own factors, and 22.8% of them are explained by environmental factors. In particular, factors such as R & D personnel input, corporate profitability, corporate indebtedness and government funding in environmental factors, knowledge spillovers, market concentration and foreign investment participation all have significant impacts on technological innovation in enterprises. Further study found that knowledge spillover and market competition will weaken the positive relationship between profitability and technological innovation, and market competition will weaken the negative relationship between export factors and technological innovation.