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目的观察大豆蛋白对高血脂症人群血清脂质浓度的影响及膳食蛋白质与血脂的关系。方法招募单纯高脂血症志愿者90人,随机分为大豆分离蛋白组和酪蛋白组,在不改变饮食及运动习惯的基础上,每天分别补充24g酪蛋白和18g大豆分离蛋白+6g酪蛋白混合物,共8周。实验前和结束时,测量身高、体重、腰臀围,测定血清脂质浓度。结果 (1)大豆蛋白组体重和体质指数有所下降(P<0.05),酪蛋白组腰臀比减小(P<0.05)。(2)大豆蛋白组干预后ApoB和TC/HDL-C显著下降(P<0.05),而酪蛋白组TC、LDL-C和ApoB显著下降(P<0.05)。(3)膳食蛋白质摄入量与血清TC降低百分数呈显著负相关(r=-0.419,P<0.01),植物蛋白的摄入量与血清总胆固醇下降的百分数呈显著正相关(r=0.521,P<0.01)。结论膳食蛋白质来源和量会影响大豆蛋白对血脂的作用。
Objective To observe the effect of soybean protein on serum lipid concentration in hyperlipidemia and the relationship between dietary protein and blood lipid. Methods Totally 90 volunteers with hyperlipidemia were randomly divided into soy protein isolate group and casein group. 24 g casein and 18 g soy protein isolate + 6 g casein were supplemented daily with no change in diet and exercise habits. Mixture for a total of 8 weeks. Before and at the end of the experiment, height, weight, waist and hip circumference were measured and serum lipid concentrations were measured. Results (1) The body weight and body mass index of soybean protein decreased (P <0.05) and the waist-hip ratio of casein decreased (P <0.05). (2) ApoB and TC / HDL-C decreased significantly (P <0.05), while TC, LDL-C and ApoB decreased significantly in soybean protein group (P <0.05). (3) There was a significant negative correlation between dietary protein intake and the percentage of serum TC (r = -0.419, P <0.01). The intake of plant protein was positively correlated with the percentage of serum total cholesterol (r = 0.521, P <0.01). Conclusion Dietary protein sources and amounts will affect the effect of soy protein on blood lipids.