长期以来,明代万历时期的内阁首辅张居正是一个备受关注的人物,不少学者把张居正定位为改革家。张居正作为改革家,出现在各类读物上,妇孺皆知,有口皆碑,而且,一些作者对他还有进一步美化的倾向。不过,当我们认真考察张居正的施政,特别是认真考察明代嘉隆万以及直到明朝灭亡的那段历史时,不禁感到对张居正的历史定位有重新审视的必要。朱东润先生在写作《张居正大传》时曾指出,历史上对于张居正“誉之者或过其实,毁 For a long time, Zhang Juzheng, the cabinet chief of the Wanli period in the Ming Dynasty, was a man of great concern. Many scholars have identified Zhang Juzheng as a reformer. As a reformer, Zhang Juzheng appeared in various kinds of readings and was well known and widely known by women and children. Moreover, some authors tended to further beautify him. However, we can not help but feel the need to re-examine Zhang’s position on history when we conscientiously examine Zhang Juzheng’s administration, especially when we carefully examined the history of the Ming Dynasty and the demise of the Ming Dynasty. Mr. Zhu Dongrun pointed out in his biography ”Biography of Zhang Juzheng" that in the past, the reputation of Zhang Juzheng was actually or destroyed in fact