目的:探讨中医辨证论治和心理行为干预对海洛因依赖者复吸的影响。方法:采用中医辨证论治和心理行为干预的综合疗法治疗自愿戒毒的海洛因依赖者52例,并以49例单纯美沙酮脱毒者对照观察;采用Hamilton焦虑量表(MAMA)、昆明药物依赖性康复中心制定的《阿片类药物戒断症状量表》(OWS)和中科院心理所修订的明尼苏达多相人格调查表(MMPI)评定疗效,并随访观察两组病人出院6个月复吸率。结果:综合干预组患者MAMA和OWS评分均值分别是3.62±1.69、6.94±2.48,复吸率为71.4%,对照组分别为4.33±2.61、7.83±2.26和复吸率91.7%,两者比较均存在显著性差异(P<0.01);综合干预组MMPI的临床量表Pd、Hs、D、Pt、Hy、Sc、Mf、Si的分数均值明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:中药复方的多靶点药理作用和心理行为干预的综合疗法能调整戒毒者的机体整体功能,恢复健全的人格和行为模式,从而降低戒毒者的心理渴求,减少觅药行为,有效降低复吸率。 Objective: To investigate the effect of TCM syndrome differentiation and psychological intervention on relapse of heroin addicts. Methods: Fifty-two cases of heroin addicts were randomly divided into treatment group (49 cases) and control group (49 cases). Hamilton Anxiety Scale (MAMA) and Kunming Drug-Dependent Rehabilitation Center (OWS) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) as revised by the psychology of Chinese Academy of Sciences. The patients were followed up for 6 months. Results: The average scores of MAMA and OWS in the comprehensive intervention group were 3.62 ± 1.69, 6.94 ± 2.48 respectively, the relapse rate was 71.4%, while the control group were 4.33 ± 2.61, 7.83 ± 2.26 and 91.7%, respectively There was significant difference (P <0.01). The mean scores of Pd, Hs, D, Pt, Hy, Sc, Mf and Si in clinical intervention group were significantly lower than those in control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: The multi-target pharmacological action of traditional Chinese medicine compound and the comprehensive treatment of psychological behavior intervention can adjust the overall function of the drug addicts and restore the healthy personality and behavior patterns, thus reducing the psychological cravings of drug addicts, reducing the drug-seeking behavior, Absorption rate.