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Total fertility rate(TFR)of Asian countries,Japan, China,andKorea have dropped to the worlds lowest level. The government recognized the need for policiesto encourage childbirth and keep areasonabletotal population. Currently, the government of South Korea setsthe TFRuntil 2020 asanOECDnational average level(1.5)and has prepared measures for low total fertility rate. There are supposed to be several reasons that decreasethe TFR. For example, housework is constantly given to women, while womens economic activity is increasing. In addition, the childcare infrastructure is insufficient. It isdifficultto balance work and family. The burden of childcare expenses including privateeducation is increasing, but there has been a lack ofgovernment’seffort forapolicy.Thechanges inthe TFRmay be regardless of economic changes. Latemarriage, single lifeandavoidanceof childbirth are caused in the process of modernization, such asincreased education levels and participation in economic activities, the changes in values of family, marriage and children. The causes of low fertility rate can be seen from various perspectives such as social, economic and political factors.Despitethegovernment’svarious efforts on low fertility and aging policy since 2006, Korean people are still avoiding to givebirth. This suggests that the current low fertility policies are not effective and have to be re-examined.The purpose of thisresearchisto investigate the real causesof low fertility rate in East Asia by integrating social factors, economic factors and political factors referring to previousresearches, and to find policy alternatives.As regards the policies, thisresearchcarries out asurvey targeting men and women (20s~40s) to examine personal satisfactory of the current action ofthegovernment. Especially, thisresearchis designed to find out possible directionsoffuture low fertility policies by identifying the core policies recognized by the target group.An analysisshows respondents generally perceive childcare service policies and work-family balance policies as the most effective policies. These policies are what double incomefamilies prefer. Since additional budgetary support and legislation are required for the success of the work-family balance policies, more attention is needed for the legislation of institutional arrangements for the work-family balanced society, rather than temporary financial supports.