一、前言长期以来,中国的中央一地方关系(以下简称央地关系)一直是政治学与公共管理领域学术研究的关注热点之一。在诸多学者细微观察和周密分析的基础上,形成了大量富有“中国特色”的政治经济学概念和理论,包括“压力型体制”、“地方政府的法团主义”、“中国特色的联邦主义”、“晋升锦标赛”等。例如,“压力型体制”着重强调不同层级政府 I. Foreword For a long time, China’s central-one-local relationship (hereinafter referred to as “the relationship between the central government and the central government”) has always been one of the hot topics of academic research in political science and public administration. Based on the careful observation and careful analysis of many scholars, a large number of concepts and theories of political economy rich in “Chinese characteristics” have been formed, including the “pressure-type system”, the “corporatism of local governments” “Federalism with Chinese characteristics ”, “promotion tournament ” and so on. For example, “stress-type institutions” emphasize different levels of government