Chinese investment in Kazakhstan is in the interest of both countries; nevertheless, to besuccessful such investments also must be in the interest of political leaders.It is this self-interest that motivates the policies of both governments and it is these policies that secureand protect Chinese investments in Kazakhstan, which lacks the political and legalinstitutions that protect foreign investors from predatory behavior by governments.　　However, efficient operation of oil and gas enterprises in the market economy conditionsdepends not only on the size of investment, but also largely on how significantly the companyanticipates the far and near prospects of their development.Uncertainty or lack of completeand reliable information on the stocks of developed deposits, their geological and technicalcharacteristics, the prices of hydrocarbons and other source indicators used in the preparationand implementation of development projects and long-term plans for the development ofenterprises leads to the fact that to avoid the risks is almost impossible.And, most importantly,in this case to plan ahead for possible economic losses in case of unfavorable outcome.　　Accurate risk assessment when planning activities oil and gas producing companies promisesmany benefits: it leads to better coordination of actions to achieve goals; allows you totruthfully evaluate the internal reserves of the enterprise and to respond adequately tochanging market conditions In this regard, a special focus of the dissertation research is aimed at identifying the mostimportant risks should be taken into account in the planning system will ensure themaximum compliance of the actual indicators their target values in the interests of the oiland gas companies.This paper provides an investment risk types an Oil Sector ofKazakhstan and main problems of its development.