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在我国学术界,“中国文明是世界上唯一没有中断的古老文明”的传统说法,被很多人坚持。这里首先需要弄清楚的,是“族群征服”与“文明中断”的关系。一般而言,造成文明中断与消失的原因,不外自然灾难与族群征服。就目前所知,在世界古文明(巴比伦、埃及、印度、中国、希腊、罗马等)中,中断与消失了的文明,多缘于族群入侵与征服。但就历史实际而言,族群征服可以造成一种文明的暂时中断,但并不一定造成永久毁灭与消失。因此,在判断一种文明是否中断与消失时,不能简单地将“族群征服”与“文明中断”混为一谈。
In our academic circles, the traditional saying that “Chinese civilization is the only ancient civilization without interruption in the world” has been persecuted by many people. The first thing that needs to be clarified here is the relationship between “ethnic conquest ” and “civilized disruption ”. In general, the causes of the interruption and disappearance of civilizations are nothing more than natural catastrophes and ethnic conquests. As far as we know, in the ancient civilizations of the world (Babylon, Egypt, India, China, Greece, Rome, etc.), the interrupted and disappeared civilizations are mostly due to ethnic invasion and conquest. However, historically, ethnic conquest can lead to the temporary suspension of a civilization, but it does not necessarily result in permanent destruction and disappearance. Therefore, when judging whether a civilization is interrupted or disappearing, we can not simply confuse “ethnic conquest” with “civil disruption.”