为了揭示影响城市儿童家庭接受预防接种的行为因素 ,采用基于合理行为理论建立假设模型 ,设计包含一般情况和行为因素项目的问卷调查表 ,用通径分析方法分析影响疫苗使用的因素及作用程度。结果共完成有效问卷5 4 6份 ,应答率为 91%。影响儿童家长接受预防接种的主要因素是参照信念 ,随着所使用疫苗的费用递增 ,参照信念的作用有减弱的趋势 ,而行为态度、遵循态度的作用逐步增强。调查所得数据均有较好的可信度 (Cronback’sα系数 >0 7)。在今后的预防接种工作中要加强疫苗知识的普及 ,改变儿童家长的消费观念及对疫苗的认识态度 In order to reveal the behavioral factors influencing the acceptance of vaccination in urban children’s families, a hypothesis model based on rational behavior theory was established to design a questionnaire containing general and behavioral factors, and the path analysis method was used to analyze the factors influencing the use of vaccines and their effects. Results A total of 546 valid questionnaires were completed, with a response rate of 91%. The main factor affecting children’s parents receiving vaccinations is the reference conviction. With the increasing cost of vaccines used, the role of reference beliefs is weakened, while the attitude of behavior and attitude of follow-up gradually increase. The survey data have good reliability (Cronback’s α coefficient> 0 7). In the future vaccination work to strengthen the popularization of vaccine knowledge, change the concept of consumption of children’s parents and awareness of the vaccine