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目的探讨人类白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen,HLA)基因、血管紧张素转换酶(Angiotensin-Coverting Enzyme,ACE)基因及载脂蛋白E(Apolipoprotein E,ApoE)基因多态性与新疆维吾尔族自然长寿的关系。方法将研究对象根据年龄分为长寿组和老年组,同时选择同一地区无血缘关系已自然死亡(61~73岁)者为对照组。分别应用聚合酶链反应-序列特异引物法(PCR-SSP),单链构象多态性(SSCP)分析和直接测序技术对长寿组、老年组、对照组进行基因分型。结果长寿组HLA-DR1,DR6(14)基因频率较对照组升高(P<0.05),与老年组比较差异无统计学意义;长寿组HLA-DR9基因频率较对照组降低(P<0.05),较老年组显著降低(P<0.01);长寿组HLA-DR51基因频率较老年组降低(P<0.05),与对照组比较差异无统计学意义。在ACE基因分析中,长寿组D/D基因型频率较对照组显著升高(P<0.01),而较老年组升高(P<0.05),另外,长寿组D等位基因频率也高于对照组(P<0.05),与老年组比较差异无统计学意义;另外,3组间DI,Ⅱ基因型比较未见明显差异。ApoE基因分析中,长寿组ε3/3基因型频率较老年组升高(P<0.05),与对照组比较差异无统计学意义;长寿组ε4/3基因型频率较对照组明显降低(P<0.001),较老年组也显著降低(P<0.01);其余基因型比较差异无统计学意义。结论 HLA-DRB基因的DR1,DR6(14)等位基因,ApoE的ε4/3基因型及ACE基因的DD基因型,D等位基因对长寿可能有保护作用,是长寿有利基因;HLA-DRB基因的DR9基因型可能不利于长寿,是长寿的危险因素。
Objective To investigate the relationship between polymorphisms of human leukocyte antigen (HLA), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene and natural Uygur in Xinjiang relationship. Methods The subjects were divided into two groups: the longevity group and the elderly group according to the age. At the same time, those who had no blood relationship in the same area had died of natural diseases (61-73 years old) as the control group. The genotypes of Changshou group, old group and control group were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP), single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis and direct sequencing. Results The frequencies of HLA-DR1 and DR6 (14) genes in longevity group were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). The frequency of HLA-DR9 gene in longevity group was lower than that of control group (P <0.01). The frequency of HLA-DR51 gene in longevity group was lower than that in the elderly group (P <0.05), but the difference was not statistically significant compared with the control group. In ACE gene analysis, the frequency of D / D genotype in longevity group was significantly higher than that in control group (P <0.01), but higher in elderly group (P <0.05). In addition, the frequency of D allele in longevity group was also higher than that in control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the control group and the elderly group. In addition, there was no significant difference between the three groups in DI and Ⅱ genotypes. In the ApoE gene analysis, the frequency of ε3 / 3 genotype in longevity group was higher than that in the elderly group (P <0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). The frequency of ε4 / 3 genotype in longevity group was significantly lower than that in the control group 0.001), which were significantly lower than those in the elderly group (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in other genotypes. Conclusion HLA-DRB gene DR1, DR6 (14) allele, ApoE ε4 / 3 genotype and ACE gene DD genotype and D allele may have a protective effect on longevity, which is a longevity favorable gene; HLA-DRB The DR9 genotype of a gene may be detrimental to longevity and is a risk factor for longevity.