2016年8月16日凌晨1点40分,人类历史上第一颗用于量子通信研究的“墨子号”量子科学实验卫星在我国酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空(图1)。该卫星由中国科学技术大学和中国科学院上海技术物理研究所共同研制,经过前期准备,于2012年正式立项,并历时多年研制成功。该卫星将配合多个地面站实施星地量子密钥分发、星地量子纠缠分发和地星量子远 At 1:40 a.m. on August 16, 2016, the first “Mozi” quantum scientific experimental satellite used in the study of quantum communication in human history was launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in China (Figure 1). The satellite was jointly developed by the University of Science and Technology of China and the Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. After a preliminary preparation, the satellite was officially approved in 2012 and lasted for many years. The satellite will cooperate with multiple ground stations to implement star-to-earth quantum key distribution, star-to-earth quantum entanglement distribution and earthquakes quantum