1945年,诺贝尔生理医学奖颁发给了对青霉素研究有杰出贡献的三位科学家:1928年发现青霉素的英国生物学家亚历山大·弗莱明(Alexander Fleming),以及实现了青霉素量产的科学家霍华德·弗洛里(Howard Walter Florey)和恩斯特·伯利斯·钱恩(Ernst Boris Chain)。1928年9月,弗莱明发现青霉菌落抑菌作用的那一天,则标志着医学发展中抗生素时代的开启。那天,是弗莱明暑假后第一天上班,在整理放假前堆彻在实验室角落里的培养皿时,他发现有个 In 1945, the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine was presented to three scientists who made outstanding contributions to penicillin research: British biologist Alexander Fleming, who discovered penicillin in 1928, and Howard, a scientist who has achieved mass production of penicillin · Howard Walter Florey and Ernst Boris Chain. In September 1928, the day Fleming discovered the bacteriostatic effect of penicillium, marking the opening of the antibiotic era in medical development. On that day, Fleming was on his first day after the summer vacation and when he had packed the dishes in the corner of the laboratory before the holiday, he found that there was a