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目的了解不同季节肉鸡养殖和屠宰加工各环节沙门氏菌污染状况及血清型分布,研究季节和肉鸡沙门氏菌污染的关系。方法采集种鸡养殖场、加工厂环境样本、肉鸡活体肛拭、肉鸡胴体、加工用具等不同季节的样本,进行沙门氏菌的分离鉴定。结果共采集18个环节、不同季节的样本2915份,检出沙门氏菌948份,检出率32.5%。其中第一季度检出率为32.8%,第二季度35.6%,第三季度33.6%,第四季度27.8%。对检出的1031株沙门氏菌菌株做血清学鉴定,共检出16种血清型,肠炎沙门氏菌最多,占71.7%,其次为印第安纳沙门氏菌,占20.8%。结论肉鸡在养殖环节存在沙门氏菌污染,在屠宰加工环节产生交叉污染,血清型别增多,并随着生产线使污染扩大,使终产品中沙门氏菌血清型越来越复杂。
Objective To understand the pollution status and serotype distribution of Salmonella in different stages of broiler breeding and slaughter and processing and to study the relationship between seasons and Salmonella contamination in broilers. Methods Samples of breeder farms, environmental samples of processing factories, live anal swabs of broiler chickens, carcass broilers and processing tools were collected for the isolation and identification of Salmonella. Results A total of 18 links were collected, 2915 samples were collected in different seasons, 948 Salmonella were detected, the detection rate was 32.5%. Among them, the detection rate in the first quarter was 32.8%, 35.6% in the second quarter, 33.6% in the third quarter and 27.8% in the fourth quarter. Of the 1031 strains of Salmonella that were detected, serological identification was done, of which 16 serotypes were detected. Salmonella enteritidis accounted for 71.7%, followed by Salmonella Indiana, accounting for 20.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Salmonella contamination occurs in the breeding process of broiler chickens. Cross-contamination occurs during the slaughter and processing process and the serotypes increase. As the production line increases pollution, the serotype of Salmonella in the final product becomes more and more complex.