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目的了解试点地区育龄妇女健康素养现状及影响因素,为制定卫生政策和干预方法,提高育龄妇女健康素养提供依据。方法使用分层随机抽样方法,抽取全国25个试点地区的6 348名,年龄在16~49周岁的育龄妇女进行健康素养调查。结果试点地区育龄妇女健康素养水平为15.60%,在城乡、家庭月均纯收入、孩子个数、最佳生育年龄、生育意愿等方面表现出来差异性,影响因素有家庭月均纯收入、孩子个数。健康素养随着家庭月均纯收入的提升呈现一种先升后降趋势,5 000元~组的育龄妇女健康素养水平最高,是<500元组的4.71倍。健康素养随着孩子个数的增多而下降,3个孩子的育龄妇女健康素养水平是没有孩子的0.23倍。结论试点地区育龄妇女健康素养水平低,并且在多个方面表现出差异性,应该有针对性有重点的开展健康教育工作。
Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of health literacy of women of childbearing age in pilot areas and to provide basis for formulating health policies and interventions and improving the health literacy of women of childbearing age. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to survey the health literacy of 6 348 women of childbearing age from 16 to 49 in 25 pilot districts in China. Results The level of health literacy of women of childbearing age in pilot areas was 15.60%, showing the difference in the monthly average net income of urban and rural families, the number of children, the optimal age of childbearing and the wishes of childbirth. The influencing factors are the monthly net income of the family, number. Health literacy showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of average monthly household income. The highest level of health literacy among women of childbearing age in the group of 5 000 yuan was 4.71 times that of <500 yuan. The health literacy decreased with the increase of the number of children. The health literacy level of three children of childbearing age was 0.23 times that of children. Conclusion The level of health literacy of women of childbearing age in pilot areas is low, and they show differences in many aspects. Health education should be focused and focused.