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目的:了解新型城镇化中农村老年人心理健康的影响因素。方法:采用自编老年人基本情况问卷和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对山东某三地市新型城镇化中278名农村老年人进行问卷调查,运用SPSS 17.0统计软件对数据进行t检验、方差分析。结果:1新型城镇化中农村老年人心理健康总分(130.03±24.88);2性别、慢性病、年龄、居住形式、月收入、子女状况、子女看望次数、子女对重大决定的支持度在心理健康上的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中,性别在老年人在躯体化、敌对、恐怖、偏执和其他5个维度上的差异有统计学意义(t=5.014,2.666,-5.258,2.595,-4.671;P<0.05);慢性病在老年人的躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、精神病性、其他和总分维度上的差异有统计学意义(t=7.05,4.96,6.66,8.30,8.98,5.87,6.45,7.37,9.03;P<0.05);年龄在躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、精神病性、其他和总分上的差异有统计学意义(F=3.254,8.613,3.600,7.220,3.655,4.35,4.065,4.688,4.445;P<0.05);居住形式在躯体化、偏执、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、强迫症状和总分上的差异有统计学意义(F=4.658,4.689,3.351,3.233,6.400,3.126,4.296,4.400;P<0.05);月收入在躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁和焦虑上的差异有统计学意义(F=4.131,4.313,7.313,3.30,3.596;P<0.05);子女看望次数在躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、偏执和总分上的差异有统计学意义(F=4.525,6.044,7.115,4.920,3.13;P<0.05);子女对重大决定的支持度在躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、恐怖、其他和总分上的差异有统计学意义(F=3.360,3.156,4.697,4.569,3.52,9.561,5.123;P<0.05)。结论:新型城镇化中农村老年人心理健康水平适中,性别、年龄、居住安排、月收入、子女状况、子女看望次数、子女对老人重大决定的支持度、慢性病等因素会影响其心理健康水平。
Objective: To understand the influencing factors of mental health of rural elderly in the new urbanization. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on 278 rural elderly in the new urbanization of a certain three cities in Shandong Province using the questionnaire of self-made elderly people and the Self-rating Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). The data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software t test ,variance analysis. Results: 1 The total score of mental health of rural elderly in the new urbanization (130.03 ± 24.88); 2 Gender, chronic diseases, age, forms of residence, monthly income, children’s status, number of children’s visit, children’s support for major decisions in mental health (P <0.05). Among them, the differences of gender in somatization, hostility, terror, paranoid and other five dimensions in the elderly were statistically significant (t = 5.014,2.666, -5.258, 2.595, -4.671; P <0.05). There was significant difference between the chronic diseases in somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, psychosis, , 4.96,6.66,8.30,8.98,5.87,6.45,7.37,9.03; P <0.05). There were statistics on the differences of somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety, hostility, terror, psychosis, (F = 3.254,8.613,3.600,7.220,3.655,4.35,4.065,4.688,4.445; P <0.05). The forms of living were somatization, paranoid, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, horror, obsessive-compulsive symptoms and total The difference was statistically significant (F = 4.658,4.689,3.351,3.233,6.400, 3.126,4.296,4.400; P <0.05). There was a significant difference in monthly income between somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity, depression and anxiety (F = 4.131,4.313,7.313,3.30,3.596; P <0.05 ). The number of children’s visits in somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, paranoid and total score were statistically significant (F = 4.525,6.044,7.115,4.920,3.13; P <0.05). Children’s support for major decisions There were significant differences in somatization, coercion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, terror, other factors and total scores (F = 3.360,3.156,4.697,4.569,3.52,9.561,5.123; P <0.05). Conclusion: The mental health of the rural elderly in the new urbanization is moderate. The factors such as gender, age, living arrangement, monthly income, children’s status, the number of children’s visit, the children’s decision about the elderly and chronic diseases affect their mental health.