目的了解上海市大团镇学生营养知信行现况,并分析其影响因素,为学校营养卫生干预工作提供参考依据。方法自行设计调查问卷,对该地区某小学3年级和某初中7年级的全部学生进行营养卫生知识、信念及行为的现况调查。资料分析采用卡方检验,t检验和方差分析,a=0.05。方差齐性检验采用Levene检验,a=0.10。方差分析时如方差不齐,则采用Kruskal-Wallis检验。采用Spearman等级相关系数,对学生的营养知识、信念和行为之间的相关性进行分析。结果小学生营养知识分为16.55±6.01、信念分为24.81±4.46、行为分为17.56±3.32、总分为59.02±9.98。家长知道营养标签的小学生的营养知识分(P=0.02,t=-2.46)及知信行总分(P=0.04,t=-2.12)高于家长不知道营养标签的小学生,家长知道BMI的小学生的营养信念分高于家不知道BMI的小学生(P<0.01,t=-3.07)。初中生营养知识分为24.07±5.83、信念分为26.54±3.54、行为分为17.49±3.65、总分为68.16±9.13。初中女生的营养知信行总分高于男生(P=0.04,t=2.02),家长知道膳食指南的初中生的营养知识分(P=0.02,t=-2.42)及知信行总分(P=0.04,t=-2.05)高于家长不知道膳食指南的初中生,家长知道BMI的初中生的营养知识分高于家长不知道BMI的初中生(P=0.03,t=-2.17)。学生营养知识、信念、行为和总分之间,除知识和行为之间没有相关性外(P=0.28),其他均具有相关性(P<0.05)。结论家长是影响学生营养知信行水平的重要因素,提倡家校联合,共同重视并促进学生营养知信行水平的提高。 Objective To understand the status quo of student nutrition awareness in Shanghai Dacheng town and analyze its influencing factors so as to provide reference for nutrition and health intervention in schools. Methods The questionnaire was designed by ourselves. The current status of nutrition and health knowledge, beliefs and behaviors of all the students in Year 3 of a primary school and Grade 7 of a middle school in the area were investigated. Data analysis using chi-square test, t test and analysis of variance, a = 0.05. Variance homogeneity test using Levene test, a = 0.10. Variance analysis of variance, such as using Kruskal-Wallis test. Spearman rank correlation coefficients were used to analyze the correlation between a student’s nutritional knowledge, beliefs and behaviors. Results The pupils’ nutritional knowledge was divided into 16.55 ± 6.01, beliefs were divided into 24.81 ± 4.46, behavior was divided into 17.56 ± 3.32, the total score was 59.02 ± 9.98. Parents who knew nutrition labeling had higher nutrition scores (P = 0.02, t = -2.46) and total number of knowledge sharing firms (P = 0.04, t = -2.12) than Parents who did not know nutrition labeling The nutritional beliefs were higher than those at home who did not know BMI (P <0.01, t = -3.07). Nutritional knowledge of junior high school students were divided into 24.07 ± 5.83, beliefs were divided into 26.54 ± 3.54, behavior was divided into 17.49 ± 3.65, the total score was 68.16 ± 9.13. The score of nutrition knowledge in junior high school girls was higher than that of boys (P = 0.04, t = 2.02). Parents knew the nutritional knowledge scores of junior high school students in dietary guidelines (P = 0.02, t = -2.42) 0.04, t = -2.05) were higher than those of parents who did not know the dietary guidelines. Parents knew that the nutritional knowledge of junior high school students in BMI was higher than that of junior high school students who did not know BMI (P = 0.03, t = -2.17). There was a significant correlation between nutritional knowledge, beliefs, behaviors and total scores among students (P = 0.28), except for knowledge and behavior (P <0.05). Conclusion Parents are an important factor that affects the level of students ’knowledge and knowledge of nutrition. Parents and school are encouraged to jointly attach importance to and promote the improvement of students’ nutritional knowledge and knowledge.