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目的调查了解社区老年人睡眠状况及其影响因素。方法采取多阶段分层抽样方法,从平阳县8个社区当中抽取平阳县3个社区,常住老年人621人,采用国内匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行调查,并调查可能影响老年人睡眠的一般资料,分析平阳县社区老年人睡眠状况,探讨其影响因素。结果此次调查621名社区老年人,有睡眠障碍237名(38.16%),其中轻度睡眠障碍119名、中度睡眠障碍84名、重度睡眠障碍34名;经单因素比较,在性别、年龄、婚姻状况、月收入、患慢性病、生活自理能力、吸烟、锻炼情况、饮食是否规律、经常参加娱乐活动、焦虑、抑郁共12个因素上差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic多因素分析结果显示,抑郁、患慢性病、焦虑、婚姻状况、锻炼情况、性别6个因素进入Logistic回归模型(P<0.05),为影响老年人睡眠情况的重要因素。结论目前社区老年人失眠状况发生率较高,需要引起社会关注,失眠的发生与抑郁、焦虑、婚姻状况、锻炼情况、性别因素有关,采用相应对策,改善社区老年人睡眠质量对其生活质量的提高至关重要。
Objective To investigate the sleep conditions of the elderly in the community and its influential factors. Methods The multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to select 3 communities in Pingyang County and 621 permanent residents from 8 communities in Pingyang County. The domestic Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) Depression self-rating scale (SDS) to investigate and investigate the general information that may affect the elderly’s sleep, analyze the sleep status of the elderly in Pingyang community, and discuss the influencing factors. Results A total of 621 community-based seniors were surveyed with 237 sleep disorders (38.16%), including 119 mild sleep disturbances, 84 moderate sleep disturbances and 34 severe sleep disturbances. According to the single factor, gender, age (P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that there was a significant difference in 12 factors including marital status, monthly income, chronic diseases, self-care ability, smoking, exercise and diet, regular participation in amusement activities, anxiety and depression. The results showed that six factors such as depression, chronic diseases, anxiety, marital status, exercise status and gender entered the Logistic regression model (P <0.05), which was an important factor influencing the sleep condition of the elderly. Conclusions At present, there is a high incidence of insomnia in the elderly in the community, and social attention is needed. The incidence of insomnia is related to depression, anxiety, marital status, exercise and gender, and appropriate measures are taken to improve the quality of life of elders in the community Increase is crucial.