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以固体酸Zr(SO4)2/TiO2为催化剂,工业棕榈酸与甲醇为原料合成棕榈酸甲酯生物柴油。考察了Zr(SO4)2负载量、催化剂焙烧温度、焙烧时间、m(棕榈酸)∶m(甲醇)、催化剂用量和反应时间对酯化率的影响,并采用GC-MS、红外光谱仪、热重差热综合热分析仪对催化剂和产物进行表征分析。结果表明,与Zr(SO4)2催化剂相比,固体酸催化剂Zr(SO4)2/TiO2在工业棕榈酸和甲醇的酯化反应中具有较高的催化活性。适宜的反应条件为:以400℃焙烧制得的Zr(SO4)2负载量为65%的固体酸Zr(SO4)2/TiO2为催化剂,醇酸质量比为12∶25,催化剂用量为棕榈酸质量的8.0%,反应时间5 h。在该条件下,酯化率可达98.9%。经GC-MS分析,酯产物主要为直链十六烷酸甲酯和10-十八碳烯酸甲酯。
The synthesis of methyl palmitate biodiesel with solid acid Zr (SO4) 2 / TiO2 as catalyst and with industrial palmitic acid and methanol as raw materials. The effects of Zr (SO4) 2 loading, catalyst calcination temperature, calcination time, m (palmitic acid): m (methanol), catalyst dosage and reaction time on the esterification rate were investigated. Analysis of Catalysts and Products by TG-DTA. The results show that the solid acid catalyst Zr (SO4) 2 / TiO2 has higher catalytic activity in the esterification of industrial palmitic acid and methanol than Zr (SO4) 2 catalyst. The suitable reaction conditions are as follows: solid Zr (SO4) 2 / TiO2 with Zr (SO4) 2 loading of 65% calcined at 400 ℃ is used as catalyst, the mass ratio of alkyd is 12:25, the amount of catalyst is palmitic acid 8.0% of mass, reaction time 5 h. Under this condition, the esterification rate can reach 98.9%. By GC-MS analysis, the ester products are mainly linear methyl hexadecanoate and methyl 10-octadecenoate.