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离子液体作为绿色溶剂和催化剂,具有低挥发性,优良的热稳定性、溶解性以及可回收等优点,近年来广泛应用于有机合成领域中,在提高反应速率,反应选择性等方面发挥了巨大作用.综述了离子液体作为催化剂或溶剂在传统有机合成反应中的最新研究成果,包括Baylis-Hillman反应、Michael加成反应、氧化还原反应、Knoevenagel缩合反应、Aldol缩合反应、Diels-Alder反应、Heck偶联反应、Suzuki反应、不对称反应、Biginelli反应、Mannich反应、Hantzsch多组分反应.分析离子液体结构对反应催化性能的影响,探讨其反应机理,为开发新型结构可调性功能离子液体打下基础.
Ionic liquids, as green solvents and catalysts, have the advantages of low volatility, excellent thermal stability, solubility and recyclability. They have been widely used in the field of organic synthesis in recent years and have played a significant role in improving reaction rate and reaction selectivity The recent results of ionic liquids as catalysts or solvents in organic synthesis reactions are summarized, including Baylis-Hillman reaction, Michael addition reaction, redox reaction, Knoevenagel condensation reaction, Aldol condensation reaction, Diels-Alder reaction, Heck Coupling reaction, Suzuki reaction, asymmetric reaction, Biginelli reaction, Mannich reaction and Hantzsch multi-component reaction.The influence of the ionic liquid structure on the catalytic performance of the reaction was discussed, and the reaction mechanism was explored to lay the foundation for the development of a new type of functional ionic liquid with adjustable structure basis.