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各种危险因素所引发的心血管并发症归因于两种不同的但又相互联系的改变,动脉粥样硬化等结构改变和动脉弹性等功能改变。动脉粥样硬化和动脉弹性减退发生机制不完全相同,对预后的影响也不同。动脉粥样硬化表现为动脉内膜病变,范围局限,引起传输功能紊乱和外周脏器和组织灌注障碍。动脉弹性改变主要表现为大动脉缓冲功能障碍,动脉中层退行性变,动脉管壁中层物质和胶原含量增加,弹力层断裂,伴有中层纤维化和钙化。探讨动脉结构与动脉功能之间的关系有助于更好的理解血管病变的病理生理过程,综合反映多种心血管危险因素造成的损害,并在较短时期内显示治疗的效果,为治疗方案的选择与更换提供依据。动脉弹性与动脉粥样硬化是否具有相关性存有争议,国内对两者的研究甚少,多数研究对象为高血压人群,对老年人群没有报道,同时研究样本量小。
Cardiovascular complications caused by various risk factors are attributed to two different but interrelated changes, structural changes such as atherosclerosis and changes in arterial elasticity. The mechanism of atherosclerosis and arterial elasticity decline is not exactly the same, the impact on prognosis is also different. Atherosclerosis manifested as arterial intimal lesions, the scope of limitations, causing transmission disorders and peripheral organ and tissue perfusion disorders. Arterial changes in the main performance of the arterial cushion dysfunction, degeneration of the middle artery, arterial wall substance and collagen content increased, the elastic layer rupture, accompanied by middle fibrosis and calcification. To explore the relationship between arterial structure and arterial function is helpful to better understand the pathophysiological process of vascular lesions and comprehensively reflect the damage caused by a variety of cardiovascular risk factors and to show the therapeutic effect in a relatively short period of time. The choice and replacement provide basis. Arterial elasticity and atherosclerosis are related to whether there is controversy, the domestic research on the two very little, most of the study population is hypertensive, not reported in the elderly, while the small sample size.