目的　研究乳腺癌与ＦＣＭ发病之间的关系。方法　收集经外科手术治疗的乳腺癌患者２３４例，并对其临床资料进行分析。结果　纤维囊性乳腺病（ＦＣＭ）癌变或与乳腺癌并存５７例，并存率２４．３％。研究发现合并ＦＣＭ的乳腺癌具有发病年龄轻、病程长、恶性程度较低、淋巴转移率低、预后好等特点。结论　对ＦＣＭ病人施行积极的手术治疗是防治乳癌的重要手段。 Objective To study the relationship between breast cancer and the pathogenesis of FCM. Methods A total of 234 breast cancer patients treated with surgery were collected and their clinical data were analyzed. Results There were 57 cases of fibrocystic breast disease (FCM) canceration or coexisting with breast cancer. The coexistence rate was 24.3%. The study found that breast cancer combined with FCM has the characteristics of young age, long duration, low degree of malignancy, low lymphatic metastasis, and good prognosis. Conclusion Active surgical treatment of FCM patients is an important means to prevent and treat breast cancer.