放线菌是一类革兰阳性菌,能够产生丰富多样的天然产物。传统用于选育高产菌,或产新型天然产物的菌的主要方法是通过诱变育种。近年来,遗传重组技术的发展已有取代传统育种技术的趋势。本文综述了遗传重组技术应用于选育高产放线菌及产新型代谢产物放线菌的研究进展。 Actinomyces is a type of Gram-positive bacteria, capable of producing a rich variety of natural products. The main method traditionally used for breeding high-producing bacteria or producing new natural products is breeding by mutagenesis. In recent years, the development of genetic recombination technology has taken the place of the traditional breeding technology. This review summarizes the application of genetic recombination technology in the breeding of high-yield actinomycetes and the production of new metabolites actinomycetes.