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证人不出庭作证是困扰我国刑事审判工作的一大难题,2012年,新《刑事诉讼法》修改,在立法上确立立隐蔽作证制度。隐蔽作证时证人出庭作证的革新之举,在某种程度上可以消除证人的各种顾虑,使其从心理上排除被恐吓的危险,勇于出庭,作出真实、符合逻辑、不被左右的陈述,全面有效的帮助法庭查明事实,充分贯彻直接言辞原则。但是,新《刑事诉讼法》第62条确定的隐蔽作证制度无论是该制度本身,还是在司法实践中的实际运用都存在一些问题,其未必能够有效化解证人出庭这一痼疾。文本仪新《刑事诉讼法》第62条为考察背景,首先从刑事立法和司法实践两方面审视隐蔽作证制度的现状,其次从两个方面反思了隐蔽作证制度的一些问题和原因:一方面分析了隐蔽作证制度的使用范围过于原则化、忽视对证人财产利益的保护等方面的立法缺陷;另一方面结合我国司法现状,指出隐蔽作证制度在目前的司法实践中遇到的诸如法官对隐蔽作证的矛盾心理、证人的畏难心理、隐蔽作证程序的难以操作性等方面的障碍与困境。
Witness’s failure to testify in court is one of the major problems plaguing criminal trials in China. In 2012, the new Criminal Procedure Law was amended to establish a system of concealed testimony in legislation. Evidence of a witness appearing before a court to testify in a concealed testimony can to a certain extent eliminate the various concerns of the witnesses so that they psychologically exclude the danger of being intimidated and courage to appear in court to make true, logical and not-to-be- All-round and effective help the court to find out the facts, fully implement the principle of direct speech. However, there are some problems in the application of the covert evidence system as defined in Article 62 of the new Code of Criminal Procedure, either in the system itself or in judicial practice, which may not be able to effectively resolve the crux of the witness’s appearance in court. Text 62 New Criminal Procedure Law to examine the background, first of all from the criminal legislation and judicial practice two aspects of the current situation of covert evidence system, and secondly from some two aspects reflect the hidden evidence system and some of the reasons: On the one hand analysis On the other hand, it combines the current situation of our country’s judicature and points out that the concealed testimony system encountered in the current judicial practice such as the judge’s testimony on the hidden evidence The contradictory psychology, the psychology of the witness, the inability to conceal the procedure of the testimony, and other obstacles and difficulties.