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近年来,各种损害赔偿,尤其是产品质量侵权方面的赔偿案件在逐年增多。产品质量侵权属特殊侵权,它与一般侵权相比,既有联系又有区别。一般侵权,是指行为人的行为直接侵权,行为人承担侵权责任,必须具有主观过错和责任能力以及行为的违法性和造成损害的事实存在;特殊侵权,是指行为人的行为间接侵权,行为人承担侵权责任,不需要完全具备一般侵权的成立要件,法律对此类侵权责任构成一般都有特别规定。产品质量侵权与一般侵权相比有较大区别尤其在举证责任分配方面,而在司法实践中法院针对同样的质量侵权问题也往往作出结果截然不同的判决。本文通过以下几个方面简单论述了笔者在产品质量侵权诉讼中举证责任依法到底该如何分配的问题。
In recent years, various kinds of compensation for damages, especially for product quality infringement, have been increasing year by year. Infringement of product quality is a special infringement, compared with the general infringement, both the connection and the difference. The general infringement means that the perpetrator’s act infringes directly and the perpetrator assumes the infringement liability, must have the subjective fault and responsibility capability as well as the illegal act and the de facto damage; the special infringement refers to the indirect infringement and act of the perpetrator’s act Person to assume the tort liability, do not need to fully meet the establishment of the general elements of infringement, the law of such tort liability constitute generally have special provisions. Compared with the general infringement, the product quality infringement has a big difference, especially in the distribution of the burden of proof. In the judicial practice, the court often makes a very different judgment on the same quality infringement. This article briefly discusses the author how to distribute the burden of proof according to the law in the product quality infringement litigation in the following aspects.