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台湾水青冈(Fagus hayatae)是中国特有的国家Ⅱ级保护植物,具有很高的经济价值。米仓山国家级自然保护区内台湾水青冈是目前发现的中国内陆地区保存面积最大的区域。该文以四川米仓山保护区内台湾水青冈种群为研究对象,采用样方调查法、普通克里格插值法和相关性分析,以探究台湾水青冈种群生长与土壤化学特征之间的相互关系。结果表明:(1)台湾水青冈种群在四川米仓山保护区内分布较分散,主要分布在海拔1 550~1 900m的河流及其支流的上游区域,而在较低海拔的河谷地带无分布。(2)台湾水青冈种群特征与部分土壤化学特征间存在联系,其中,样方内总植株数和种群密度均与土壤有机质、全氮和阳离子交换量呈显著负相关关系,而平均高度、平均胸径和基盖度与土壤有效铜均呈正相关关系。(3)台湾水青冈种群发育良好(适宜生长)的土壤化学特征为:pH值4.4~5.1,有机质53.17~102.00g·kg-1,全氮1.68~2.50g·kg-1,有效磷2.95~4.81mg·kg-1,交换性钾0.19~0.37cmol(+)·kg-1,交换性钠0.11~0.30cmol(+)·kg-1,阳离子交换量24.75~34.79cmol(+)·kg-1,有效铜0.61~1.08mg·kg-1,有效镁31.00~79.50mg·kg-1。研究认为,土壤化学特征对台湾水青冈种群生长具有制约作用。
Taiwan Fagus hayatae is a Grade II protected plant that is endemic to China and has high economic value. Mecca Mountain National Nature Reserve, Taiwan is the largest preserved area found in mainland China. In this paper, the population of Fagus taiwanensis in the protected area of Micangshan Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province was taken as the research object. The quadrat investigation, common Kriging interpolation and correlation analysis were used to explore the relationship between the population growth of Fagus taiwanensis and soil chemical characteristics relationship. The results showed as follows: (1) The population of Fagus lucida in Taiwan was scattered in the protected area of Micangshan in Sichuan Province, mainly distributed in the upper reaches of rivers and their tributaries at an altitude of 1 550-1 900 m, but not distributed in valleys of lower altitude . (2) The relationship between the population characteristics of Miscanthus and some soil chemical characteristics was correlated. Among them, the total number of plants and population density in the quadrats had a significant negative correlation with soil organic matter, total nitrogen and cation exchange capacity, while the average height, DBH and basal coverage were positively correlated with soil available copper. (3) The soil chemical characteristics of Miscanthus floribuensis well-developed (suitable for growth) were as follows: pH value 4.4-5.1, organic matter 53.17-102.00g · kg-1, total nitrogen 1.68-2.50g · kg-1 and available phosphorus 2.95 ~ 4.81 mg · kg-1, exchangeable potassium 0.19-0.37 cmol (+) · kg-1, exchangeable sodium 0.11-0.30 cmol (+) · kg-1 and cation exchange capacity 24.75-34.79 cmol (+) · kg- 1, effective copper 0.61 ~ 1.08mg · kg-1, effective magnesium 31.00 ~ 79.50mg · kg-1. The study suggests that soil chemical characteristics have a restrictive effect on the population growth of Fagus taiwanensis.