:建设有中国特色的社会主义理想目的的设定和选择究竟是如何可能的 ?理想目的是一个“应当” ,但马克思主义的目的理性有别于康德、黑格尔和空想社会主义的目的论。它的基本点是 :目的仅仅是实践的目的 ;目的的设定以合规律性为前提 ;目的只有正确反映手段 (工具 )的状况并通过手段的力量才能转化为现实。建设有中国特色的社会主义的理想完全满足了马克思主义目的理性的基本条件。虽然它是一个“应当” ,但它以“是”为前提。它不仅是可能的 ,而且是现实的。它是我国世纪之交的实践向度。现代有人把追求理想目的视作唯心主义 ,认为追求“实惠”才是唯物主义 ,显然是荒谬的 : How exactly is it possible to set up and choose the purpose of building an ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics? The ideal purpose is a “due”, but the purpose of Marxism is different from the teleological theories of Kant, Hegel and Utopian Socialism . Its basic point is: the purpose is only for the purpose of practice; the setting of purpose is based on the principle of compliance; the purpose can be translated into reality only by correctly reflecting the state of means (tools) and by the means of means. The ideal of building socialism with Chinese characteristics completely meets the basic conditions of the rationalism of Marxist purposes. Although it is a “should,” it assumes “yes.” It is not only possible but also realistic. It is the practical orientation of our turn of the century. Some people in modern times regard the pursuit of the ideal as the idealism, and the pursuit of “material benefits” is materialism, which is apparently absurd