《庄子·天下》篇文本给出了我们四条基本的内证线索,据此可初步判断《天下篇》应写作于战国晚期,约成篇于荀子稷下讲学之后与《吕氏春秋》成书之前即公元前265—前239年之间。《天下》非庄子自作,其作者是一位“外道内儒”的庄子后学。一方面《天下》作者保留着庄子后学的身份,但另一方面儒家思想也已深入其骨髓。 The text of “Zhuangzi Tianxia” gives us four basic clues of internal evidence, from which we can initially determine that “Tianxia Pian” should be written in the late Warring States Period, Between 265 BC and 239 BC. “The world” non-Zhuang Zi himself, the author is an “outer Confucianism ” Zhuang Zi after school. On the one hand, “the world” author retains Zhuangzi’s post-school identity, but on the other hand, Confucianism has gone deep into its marrow.