目的:探讨超声弹性成像(UE)及钼靶X线对良恶性乳腺肿块的诊断价值。方法:收集115例患者128个乳腺病灶的超声弹性成像图及钼靶X线成像图,以手术病理为诊断金标准,对比UE与Mx-rp诊断乳腺疾病的准确性。结果:恶性42个病灶,良性86个病灶,应用超声弹性成像诊断乳腺恶性病变的灵敏度92.86%,特异度95.35%,正确指数0.8821,阳性预测值90.7%,阴性预测值96.47%,阳性似然比19.97,阴性似然比0.0749。而用钼靶诊断乳腺恶性病变的灵敏度90.48%,特异度89.53%,正确指数0.8001,阳性预测值80.85%,阴性预测值95.06%,阳性似然比8.642,阴性似然比0.106。结论:超声弹性成像在鉴别乳腺良恶性病灶的准确性较Mx-rp高。 Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasonic elastography (UE) and molybdenum target X-ray on benign and malignant breast masses. Methods: Echography images and mammography images of 128 breast lesions in 115 patients were collected. The gold standard was used to diagnose the breast disease. The accuracy of UE and Mx-rp in diagnosing breast disease was compared. Results: There were 42 malignant lesions and 86 benign lesions. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ultrasonic elastography in diagnosing malignant breast lesions were 92.86%, 95.35%, 0.8821, 90.7%, and 96.47%, respectively. The positive likelihood ratio 19.97, negative likelihood ratio 0.0749. The sensitivity and specificity of mammography in diagnosing malignant breast lesions were 90.48%, 89.53%, 0.8001, 80.85%, 95.06%, respectively. The positive likelihood ratio was 8.642 and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.106. Conclusion: The accuracy of elastography in differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions is higher than that of Mx-rp.