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目的分析2015-2016年咸阳市流行性感冒(简称流感)监测结果,了解流感流行情况以及病原学特征,为流感防控提供依据。方法采用PCR方法对咸阳市两家哨点医院流感样本进行核酸检测,流感病毒毒株分型和分离,同时收集流感样病例(ILI)监测数据、病原学检测数据及暴发疫情信息,并进行分析。结果 2015-2016年咸阳市两个哨点医院共报告ILI 4 125例,就诊比例(ILI%)为3.33%,监测周期中各月ILI%有较为明显的变化;主要集中在0~15岁组,占总数的62.86%,60~岁组最少。哨点医院采集ILI标本1 396份,阳性254份,阳性率18.19%,12个月的核酸检测阳性率高峰值与ILI、ILI%高峰值相一致;流行株由季节性H3转变为B型,散发有其他型别。男性女性之间无差异。共发生暴发疫情4起,均在学校。结论咸阳市流感流行季节为冬春季,儿童、学生是防控重点对象。流感监测具有预警作用,可根据监测情况及时采取预防措施。
Objective To analyze the surveillance results of influenza in Xianyang City from 2015 to 2016 and to understand the prevalence and etiological characteristics of influenza in Xianyang City so as to provide basis for prevention and control of influenza. Methods The nucleic acid detection, influenza virus strain typing and isolation of influenza samples from two sentinel hospitals in Xianyang City were detected by PCR. Meanwhile, the surveillance data of influenza-like illness (ILI), the etiological detection data and outbreak information were collected and analyzed . Results Between 2015 and 2016, two sentinel hospitals in Xianyang reported a total of 125 cases of ILI, with an ILI% of 3.33%. ILI% showed significant changes in each month during the monitoring period, mainly in the 0-15 year-old group , Accounting for 62.86% of the total, with the least in 60 ~ group. Sentinel Hospital collected 1 396 ILI specimens, positive 254, the positive rate of 18.19%, 12-month peak of the positive rate of nucleic acid detection consistent with the peak ILI, ILI%; epidemic strains from seasonal H3 to B, There are other types of distribution. No difference between male and female. A total of 4 outbreaks occurred, all in schools. Conclusion The epidemic season of influenza in Xianyang City is winter and spring. Children and students are the key prevention and control targets. Influenza surveillance has an early warning effect, and timely preventive measures can be taken according to the monitoring situation.