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目的建立适合我国国情的中学生学校心理环境指标体系并编制相应问卷,为评价学生心理健康状况并提出有效措施提供依据。方法对有关学校心理环境的文献进行较全面的检索和分析,确定量表的理论框架,建立条目池;经专家论证、小样本的预调查,对条目进行修改,形成正式调查版本(64个条目)并对3 776名中学生进行调查;通过专家咨询、条目分析、因子分析法筛选条目,形成正式量表并进行信、效度检验。结果通过德尔菲法专家咨询法,得到2轮专家咨询的各项系数均在0.75以上,表明该评价体系具有较高的可靠性和代表性。条目分析没有删除条目,因子分析删除4个条目,最终形成由60个条目组成的问卷;全量表的克伦巴赫系数为0.883,分半系数为0.765;各维度的克伦巴赫系数在0.748~0.883之间,分半信度在0.60~0.812之间,说明量表具有比较可靠的信度。结论中学生学校心理环境量表的条目质量及信、效度符合心理测量学的基本要求。
Objective To establish a secondary school students psychological environment index system suitable for our national conditions and to prepare corresponding questionnaires to provide the basis for evaluating students’ mental health status and putting forward effective measures. Methods A comprehensive retrieval and analysis of the literature concerning school psychological environment was conducted, the theoretical framework of the scale was established, and pools of entries were established. After expert verification and pre-investigation of small samples, the entries were modified to form a formal survey version (64 entries ), And 3 776 middle school students were investigated. Entries were screened through expert consultation, item analysis and factor analysis to form a formal scale and test the validity of the letter. Results Through the Delphi method, all the coefficients obtained by two rounds of expert consultation were above 0.75, indicating that the evaluation system has high reliability and representativeness. The item analysis did not delete the entry. The factor analysis removed four entries and finally formed a questionnaire consisting of 60 entries. The Kronbach’s coefficient of the full scale was 0.883 with a half-coefficient of 0.765, and the Cronbach’s coefficient of each dimension was between 0.748 and 0.883 Between the half reliability of 0.60 ~ 0.812, indicating that the scale has a more reliable reliability. Conclusion The entry quality, reliability and validity of secondary school students’ psychological environment scale meet the basic requirements of psychometrics.