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目的 建立兔下颌骨牵拉成骨动物模型,研究了解颅面部牵拉骨生成的规律。方法 将12 只新西兰大白兔右侧下颌骨第一磨牙前完全截骨后用牵拉器固定,左侧不做手术为对照侧。1周后以每天一次0.9 m m 的速度逐步牵拉,连续10 天。牵拉完成后1 天,2、4 和8 周每组处死3只兔,取下完整下颌骨进行大体测量,X线摄片,新骨组织学观察。结果 12只兔右侧下颌骨平均延长8.3 m m ,与对照侧比较有显著性差异(P< 0.01),无骨不连及畸形愈合。X线摄片发现,延长完成后2周牵拉间隙已被骨痂桥接,8 周时,X线片上很难分辨新骨和正常骨。组织学观察牵拉早期即有胶原束形成,随后钙化成骨,未发现软骨中介体。结论 运用牵拉成骨技术可成功地延长兔下颌骨,无骨不连和畸形愈合等并发症,新骨以膜内成骨方式生成
OBJECTIVE: To establish a rabbit mandibular distraction osteogenesis model to study the rules of craniofacial traction. Methods The right anterior mandibular first molars of 12 New Zealand white rabbits were completely osteotomically fixed with a retractor, and the left side was not operated as the control side. After 1 week, the rats were pulled gradually by 0.9 m m once a day for 10 consecutive days. One day after the drawing was completed, 3 rabbits were killed in each group at 2, 4 and 8 weeks, and the intact mandible was removed for gross measurement, X-ray and histological observation of new bone. Results The right mandibular bone of 12 rabbits was extended by an average of 8.3 m m, which was significantly different from the control group (P <0.01). Nonunion and malunion were also observed. X-ray film found that 2 weeks after the extension of the traction gap has been callus bridged, 8 weeks, X-ray film is difficult to distinguish between new bone and normal bone. Histological observation that traction early that collagen bundles, followed by calcification of bone formation, no cartilage mediators found. Conclusion The use of distraction osteogenesis can successfully prolong the complications such as mandibular, nonunion and malunion in rabbits. The new bone is generated by intramembranous osteogenesis