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对无定河中游左岸监测区流域内农林业生产基地及主要农业作物进行详细调研与监测,选取不同地形结构(坡地、梯田和坝地)、不同措施配置(乔木林、灌木林)等10种农业用地的地类,进行土壤理化指标监测。对不同地形结构、不同措施配置下土壤理化指标,特别是水分的变化状况的监测结果进行横向和纵向2个层面分析,发现各种地类的各类指标均存在着不同水平的退化趋势,在广大的黄土丘陵沟壑区,水土流失不仅造成土壤水分减少,而且是土壤退化最活跃的因素,严重降低了水分利用率。通过对区域土壤性质,尤其是土壤退化及其内在危害、成因和可持续利用途径的研究,发现开发精耕细作高效种植,遵循自然规律有效配置植被可以防止水土流失和土壤退化,提高土壤入渗和持水能力。在开展无定河中游左岸区域进行监测的过程中,积累了比较丰富的监测数据。取得的这些基础资料和采用的监测方法是今后开展生态建设项目监测的重要技术依据。
Detailed investigation and monitoring of agricultural and forestry production bases and major agricultural crops in the left bank monitoring area of the middle reaches of the Wudinghe River were conducted. Ten topographic structures (slope, terraces and dams), 10 different measures (arbor forest and shrubbery) Land for agricultural land, physical and chemical indicators of soil monitoring. According to the horizontal and vertical analysis of the monitoring results of soil physical and chemical indicators, especially the changes of water conditions under different topographical structures and different allocation of measures, it is found that there are different levels of degeneration trends in all kinds of indicators of various types of land. In the vast loess hilly and gully regions, soil erosion not only reduces soil moisture, but also is the most active factor of soil degradation, seriously reducing water use efficiency. Through the study of the regional soil properties, especially the soil degradation, its inherent hazards, causes and sustainable utilization, it has been found that the development of intensive cultivation for efficient planting and the follow-up of natural laws for the effective allocation of vegetation can prevent soil erosion and soil degradation and improve soil infiltration and Water capacity. In carrying out the monitoring of the left bank area of the middle reaches of the Wuding River, abundant monitoring data have been accumulated. The basic information obtained and the monitoring methods adopted are the important technical basis for carrying out the monitoring of ecological construction projects in the future.