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1902年至1914年,日本京都西本愿寺法主大谷光瑞组织了三次西域探险。1902年至1904年第一次探险的参加者渡边哲信和堀贤雄,各自撰写了《西域旅行日记》,记录了探险的过程与内容,提供了相对完整的知识体系。探险队作为佛教探险队,在发掘库车一带佛教遗址的过程中,发现了与西本愿寺所属净土真宗有关的史料,导致日本净土宗的源流问题需要重新解释。日记对新疆西南地区少数民族生活状况的记录,是现代日本民族学草创期的重要资料,包含着超宗教的价值观和日本文化立场。以笔谈、诗歌创作为主要内容的汉字文化交流在探险过程中发挥了作用,探险之旅也是现代文明传播之旅。
From 1902 to 1914, three Western expeditions were organized by Nobukatsu Michiharu Nguyen in Kyoto, Japan. Tetsuya Watanabe and Horie Yoshihiro, participants of the first expedition from 1902 to 1904, each wrote The Diary of a Travel in the Western Regions, documenting the process and content of expeditions and providing a relatively complete knowledge system. As a Buddhist expedition, the expedition discovered the historical materials related to the Pure Land Jizun of Nishi Honganji during the excavation of Buddhist sites along Kuqa. As a result, the origin of the Pure Land Jizuna in Japan needs to be reinterpreted. Diary on the living conditions of ethnic minorities in southwest Xinjiang is an important source of modern Japanese ethnology, including the values of the ultra-religious and Japanese cultural position. The exchange of Chinese characters with writing and poetry as the main content has played an important role in the exploration process. The exploration journey is also a journey of modern civilization.