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锰是机体骨骼正常发育,脂肪、氨基酸和碳水化合物代谢过程中所必需的一种营养素。锰缺乏时,机体表现为生长迟缓、骨骼重建不良以及共济失调。从公共卫生角度考虑,锰毒性更具有危害性。大多数锰中毒患者是由于职业接触高浓度锰,表现为特殊神经综合征。然而,锰中毒的许多临床特征类似于帕金森病,但锰中毒发病机制很可能为间接影响黑质纹状体多巴胺功能,这明显区别于帕金森病发病机制。最近一项实验研究表明,饮食中铁缺乏是脑中锰蓄积的一种危险因素,而纹状体尤为脆弱。现在从营养学和毒理学方面探讨锰的特点。
Manganese is a nutrient essential for the normal development of the body’s bones, fat, amino acids and carbohydrate metabolism. In the absence of manganese, the body showed growth retardation, poor bone remodeling and ataxia. Manganese toxicity is even more dangerous from a public health point of view. Most manganese poisoning patients are due to occupational exposure to high concentrations of manganese, manifested as a special neurological syndrome. However, many of the clinical features of manganese poisoning are similar to Parkinson’s disease, but the pathogenesis of manganese poisoning is likely to indirectly affect nigrostriatal dopamine function, which is significantly different from the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. A recent experimental study shows that iron deficiency in the diet is a risk factor for manganese accumulation in the brain, and striatum is particularly vulnerable. The characteristics of manganese are now discussed in terms of nutrition and toxicology.