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采用花后离体穗培养技术 ,研究蔗糖和谷氨酰胺不同浓度配比供应对冬小麦 (宁麦 9号 )籽粒淀粉和蛋白质积累的影响。结果表明 :在同样谷氨酰胺水平下 ,提高蔗糖供应水平能显著增加粒重 ,促进籽粒中淀粉积累 ,但降低蛋白质合成 ;在同样的蔗糖水平下 ,提高谷氨酰胺供应水平 ,既有利于籽粒中蛋白质积累 ,也促进淀粉合成。培养基中蔗糖浓度变化与籽粒蔗糖含量和淀粉产量消长趋势一致 ,而与籽粒中蔗糖合成酶 (SS)、可溶性淀粉合成酶 (SSS)和颗粒束缚淀粉合成酶 (GBSS)活性消长趋势相反 ;培养基中谷氨酰胺浓度与籽粒淀粉产量和淀粉合成关键酶活性的变化趋势也一致。说明籽粒中淀粉合成既受蔗糖供应水平调节 ,也受氮供应水平调节。提高基质中谷氨酰胺 /蔗糖比例对籽粒蛋白质含量和产量有正向调节效应。因此 ,改变小麦籽粒灌浆过程中的营养物组成是调控籽粒淀粉和蛋白质合成的有效途径之一。
The post-anthesis porcine culture technique was used to study the effects of different concentrations of sucrose and glutamine on grain starch and protein accumulation in winter wheat (Ningmai 9). The results showed that under the same glutamine level, increasing the supply of sucrose could increase the grain weight significantly, promote the accumulation of starch in the grain, but reduce the protein synthesis. Under the same sucrose level, increasing the glutamine supply level was not only beneficial to the grain Protein accumulation, but also promote starch synthesis. The variation of sucrose concentration in the medium was in accordance with the trend of the increase and decrease of sucrose content and starch yield, but opposite to that of SSSS, SSS and GBSS. The trend of basal glutamine concentration was also consistent with the changes of starch production and key enzyme activity of starch synthesis. Starch synthesis in grain is regulated by both sucrose supply and nitrogen supply. Increasing the glutamine / sucrose ratio in the matrix has a positive effect on the grain protein content and yield. Therefore, changing the composition of nutrients in wheat grain filling process is one of the effective ways to control the starch and protein synthesis in grain.