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经2012年和2013年大田试验筛选,选择对大豆胞囊线虫具有耐病性的大豆早熟品种Красноградская,以感病品种黑河52作对照进行了耐病机制初步研究。结果表明,室内人工接种大豆胞囊线虫,接种后6、12、18、24、30 d,大豆耐病品种和感病品种植株根内多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性均略高于未接种的对照,但差异不显著;受大豆胞囊线虫感染,耐、感大豆品种植株根内过氧化物酶(POD)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性都比同期的对照显著升高,且耐病品种POD活性始终高于感病品种,活性增高维持的时间比感病品种长。同时,PAL活性比感病品种高峰值出现的早。叶绿素含量变化结果显示,大豆胞囊线虫的侵染显著影响其光合作用,但随接种时间的延长,品种间变化规律不同。在接种后的12~24 d,无论耐、感品种叶绿素的含量与各自的对照相比都有所升高,而且耐病品种的上升幅度明显高于感病品种,24 d以后,感病品种的叶绿素含量开始下降,而耐病品种则继续维持在一个较高的水平。
Through the field trials screening in 2012 and 2013, the early-maturing soybean cultivar Красноградская, which is resistant to soybean cyst nematode, was selected as the control and the susceptible mechanism was studied. The results showed that the intracellular polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in soybean cultivars and susceptible cultivars were slightly higher than that in the non-inoculated plants at 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30 days after inoculation , But the difference was not significant. The activity of peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) in resistant and susceptible soybean plants was significantly higher than that in the same period of the same period under the infection of Soybean cyst nematode POD activity of disease-resistant cultivars was always higher than that of susceptible cultivars, and their activity was prolonged longer than that of susceptible cultivars. At the same time, PAL activity appeared earlier than the peak of susceptible varieties. Changes in chlorophyll content showed that soybean cyst nematode infection significantly affected its photosynthesis, but with the extension of inoculation time, the variation of different varieties. After 12-24 days after inoculation, the content of chlorophyll in resistant and susceptible cultivars increased compared with that of their corresponding controls, and the increase rate of resistant cultivars was significantly higher than that of susceptible cultivars. After 24 days, the susceptible cultivars Chlorophyll content began to decline, while the resistant varieties will continue to maintain a high level.