五四运动爆发时,国民党是中国社会上唯一的革命政党。该党及其成员在运动中的表现,至今未予以阐明,本文试图作一努力。不当之处,请读者指教。一、新理想的提出及其影响五四运动既是政治运动,又是思想解放运动。中国人民在这场运动中,曾提出鲜明的政治主张,如反帝反军阀;建立真正的民主共和国等。这些政治主张的实质,是人民要求当国家的主人。五四运动的思想主题,即在于此。严格地说,辛亥革命过后,较早地宣传“人民应为国家主人”这一观点的思想家,乃为孙中山。他总结了辛亥革命失败的教训,认识到唤起民众的必要性。1916年7月,他最早倡导召开国民大会,由民众在会上发表政见,按民意解决国事,人民直接行使其主人的权利。如 During the May Fourth Movement, the KMT was the only revolutionary party in Chinese society. The performance of the party and its members during the campaign has not been elucidated so far. This article attempts to make a concerted effort. Inappropriate, please advise readers. I. The Proposition of New Ideal and Its Influence The May 4th Movement was both a political movement and an ideological liberation movement. In this campaign, the Chinese people have put forward distinct political ideas such as anti-imperialist and anti-war warlords and the establishment of a genuine democratic republic. The essence of these political ideas is that the people demand to be the masters of the country. This is the theme of the May 4th Movement. Strictly speaking, after the 1911 Revolution, the earlier thinker who advocated the view that “the people should be state masters” is for Sun Yat-sen. He summed up the lessons of the failure of the Revolution of 1911 and realized the necessity of arousing the people. In July 1916, he first advocated the convening of a National Assembly. From the people at the meeting, he issued political opinions, resolved state affairs according to public opinion, and the people directly exercised the rights of their masters. Such as