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目的了解安徽省某市农村地区人群乙型肝炎(简称乙肝)的流行状况及相关知识掌握情况。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,对合肥市农村地区居民2038人进行问卷调查,并采集静脉血3ml,用ELISA方法进行HBsAg及抗-HBs检测。结果在2038份血清标本中,HBsAg标化流行率为6.44%,抗-HBs标化流行率为46.85%,HBsAg流行率在性别之间差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.559,P>0.05),农民HBsAg流行率最高,达9.06%,学生群体HBsAg流行率最低,为2.70%。1992年及之后出生的群体HBsAg流行率显著低于1992年之前出生的群体(χ2=8.120,P<0.05)。乙肝疫苗的标化接种率为38.87%,学生乙肝疫苗接种率最高,为85.41%,农民乙肝疫苗接种率最低,仅12.19%。乙肝知识得分调查农民群体最低;乙肝知识的三大获取途径依次是电视、广播以及报刊书籍。结论调查地区人群中HBsAg流行率为6.44%,低于全国平均水平,但抗-HBs水平偏低,农村居民对乙肝相关知识的了解程度偏低,应加强农村地区乙肝知识的健康教育,提高乙肝疫苗接种率。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hepatitis B (hepatitis B) in rural areas in a certain city of Anhui Province and the related knowledge. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey 2038 residents in rural areas of Hefei and collect 3 ml of venous blood samples for detection of HBsAg and anti-HBs by ELISA. Results In 2038 serum samples, the prevalence of HBsAg was 6.44% and that of anti-HBs was 46.85%. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of HBsAg between sexes (χ2 = 0.559, P> 0.05) The highest prevalence rate of HBsAg among farmers was 9.06%, and the lowest prevalence of HBsAg in student population was 2.70%. The prevalence of HBsAg among groups born in 1992 and after was significantly lower than those born before 1992 (χ2 = 8.120, P <0.05). The standardized vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine was 38.87%, the highest hepatitis B vaccination rate was 85.41%, and the lowest hepatitis B vaccination rate was only 12.19%. Hepatitis B knowledge score survey peasant groups the lowest; three access to knowledge of hepatitis B followed by television, radio and newspapers and books. Conclusions The prevalence of HBsAg in the surveyed population is 6.44%, which is lower than the national average. However, the level of anti-HBs is low. The rural residents have a low level of understanding of hepatitis B-related knowledge. Health education should be strengthened for hepatitis B in rural areas, Vaccination rate.