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林业政策作为公共政策的组成部分,越来越关注相关利益者在政策过程中的参与。文章以在福建三明市林木采伐管理规定中运用参与式林业政策过程试验为对象,总结了参与式林业政策制定过程的步骤、行动,分析了参与式林业政策过程中政策内容理性与过程理性的平衡,以及政策决策者、游说利益集团、小规模林农和社区型林业企业等主要相关利益群体在政策过程中介入等方面所存在的困惑。试验证明,参与式林业政策过程是可以实现林木采伐管理规定内容和政策过程理性的合理统一,并增强部门间的合作、林业部门与其他相关利益者的相互理解,缩小相关利益者之间的政策分歧。推动参与式林业政策过程的运用,需要改变林业部门的行为和态度,转变工作方式,科学地进行调查研究,规范政策制定的程序,促进相关利益者的介入。
As an integral part of public policies, forestry policies are increasingly concerned about the participation of stakeholders in the policy process. This paper summarizes the steps and actions of the participatory forestry policy making process by using the participatory forestry policy process test in the regulations of timber cutting in Sanming City, Fujian Province. It also analyzes the balance between policy content rationality and process rationality in the process of participatory forestry policy As well as the confusion existing among the major stakeholders such as policymakers, lobbying interest groups, small-scale forest farmers and community-based forestry enterprises in the policy process. The experiment proves that the process of participatory forestry policy can achieve the reasonable unification of the content of management regulations and the rationality of policy process and strengthen the cooperation among departments, the mutual understanding between forestry department and other relevant stakeholders and the reduction of the policy among stakeholders Disagreement. To promote the application of participatory forestry policy process, we need to change the behavior and attitude of the forestry sector, change the working methods, conduct scientific research and investigation, standardize the procedures for policy formulation and promote the intervention of relevant stakeholders.